Source of the summary

Lec 5.pdf

1. Definition

• Burns are injuries caused by damage to skin layers (epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue) and nerve endings.
• They may result from heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation.

2. Causes of Burns

1. Thermal:
   • Dry heat: Flames, hot objects (e.g., hot metal, water bottles).
   • Moist heat (scalds): Steam, boiling water, hot oil, or tar.
2. Chemical: Acids (e.g., sulfuric acid) or alkalis (e.g., caustic soda).
3. Electrical: Current passing through the body, causing systemic effects (cardiac/respiratory arrest).
4. Radiation: UV rays (sunburn), X-rays, or radiation therapy.

3. Classification of Burns

A. By Causative Agent

• Thermal
• Chemical
• Electrical
• Radiation.

B. By Depth